Journal: Bioactive Materials

Article Title: Immunomodulatory supramolecular hydrogel for rheumatoid arthritis management via adenosine A2A receptor-mediated macrophage remodeling

doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2025.11.031

Figure Lengend Snippet: The design of an inflammatory macrophages-targeted, acid-sensitive PNSH for delivery MTX and its role in promoting A2AR activation on M2 macrophages for arthritis therapy. (A)The structure of acid-sensitive polymer-nanomedicine supramolecular hydrogels, composed of drug-loaded MTX NPs. (B) Schematic illustration of arthritis therapy targeting inflammatory joint network via mPECN NPs-mediated release of MTX. This approach leverages MTX targeting the A2AR and repolarization of macrophages from the pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype to the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype. Activation of A2AR and macrophage repolarization by mPECN-MTX NPs synergistically enhanced the anti-inflammatory effect of PNSH-mediated nanomedicine in an arthritis rat model.

Article Snippet: The selective adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) antagonist SCH58261 (HY-19533) was purchased from MedChemExpress (Shanghai, China).

Techniques: Activation Assay, Polymer

Journal: Bioactive Materials

Article Title: Immunomodulatory supramolecular hydrogel for rheumatoid arthritis management via adenosine A2A receptor-mediated macrophage remodeling

doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2025.11.031

Figure Lengend Snippet: MTX@PNSH promotes anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages through the A2AR signaling pathway. (A) The intracellular cAMP levels in Raw 264.7 cells were determined by homogeneous time-resolved fluorescence (HTRF) following different treatments. (B) qRT-PCR analysis of relative mRNA of A2ar with different treatments. (C) Immunostaining of A2AR expression in Raw 264.7 cells with different treatments. (D) Flow cytometry analysis of A2AR + cells in Raw 264.7 cells with different treatments and the percentage of A2AR + cells in Raw 264.7 cells with different treatments. (E) qRT-PCR analysis of relative mRNA expression of Pdl1 without LPS treatment. (F) qRT-PCR analysis of relative mRNA expression of Ido1 without LPS treatment. (G) qRT-PCR analysis of relative mRNA expression of Pdl1 with LPS treatment. (H) qRT-PCR analysis of relative mRNA expression of Ido1 with LPS treatments. (I) Western blotting analysis of A2AR protein level in macrophages after 24 h of different treatment with or without A2AR inhibitor. (J) Quantitative analysis of A2AR protein level in different treatments with or without A2AR inhibitor. (K) Flow cytometry analysis of CD11b and CD39 in Raw 264.7 cells with different treatments and the percentage of CD11b + CD39 + macrophages. (L) Flow cytometry analysis of CD11b and CD73 in Raw 264.7 cells with different treatments and the percentage of CD11b + CD73 + macrophages. (M) Flow cytometry analysis of CD11b and PD-L1 in Raw 264.7 cells after 24 h of different treatments and the percentage of CD11b + PD-L1 + macrophages in Raw 264.7 cells after 24 h of different treatments. Data are presented as mean ± SD, n = 3. Statistical significance was determined using one-way ANOVA, followed by Dunnett's post hoc test for comparisons between groups.

Article Snippet: The selective adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) antagonist SCH58261 (HY-19533) was purchased from MedChemExpress (Shanghai, China).

Techniques: Fluorescence, Quantitative RT-PCR, Immunostaining, Expressing, Flow Cytometry, Western Blot

Journal: PLOS One

Article Title: Kisspeptin improves local ovarian insulin resistance in PCOS by modulating the PI3K/AKT/GLUT4 signaling pathway

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0342158

Figure Lengend Snippet: A. Immunofluorescence staining to test kisspeptin and GLUT4. B. The quantitative expression level of GLUT4. C. The quantitative expression level of Kisspeptin. n = 6. ***p < 0.001.

Article Snippet: Cells were then stimulated with 10ng/ml Kisspeptin(MCE, China) or 100nm KISS1 receptor antagonist (Kisspeptin 234 TFA) (MCE, China).

Techniques: Immunofluorescence, Staining, Expressing

Journal: PLOS One

Article Title: Kisspeptin improves local ovarian insulin resistance in PCOS by modulating the PI3K/AKT/GLUT4 signaling pathway

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0342158

Figure Lengend Snippet: PCOS-IR group:no drug stimulation to primary ovarian granulosa cells from PCOS-IR mice, Kisspeptin group: added kisspeptin, Kisspeptin 234 TFA group: added KISS1 receptor antagonist. A-B . ROS levels in granulosa cells of PCOS-IR were measured by flow cytometry. C-D . MMP in granulosa cells of PCOS-IR were measured by flow cytometry. n = 6. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.

Article Snippet: Cells were then stimulated with 10ng/ml Kisspeptin(MCE, China) or 100nm KISS1 receptor antagonist (Kisspeptin 234 TFA) (MCE, China).

Techniques: Flow Cytometry